Myanmar 2008

Part 1. The formation of the Pyidaungsu

1. Structure of legislative chamber(s)
   The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw comprises of the following two Hluttaws:
   1. in accord with the provisions of Section 109, the Pyithu Hluttaw formed with Hluttaw representatives elected on the basis of township as well as population and Hluttaw representatives being the Defence Services Personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services;
   2. in accord with the provisions of Section 141, the Amyotha Hluttaw formed with Hluttaw representatives elected in equal numbers from Regions and States and Hluttaw representatives being the Defence Services Personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services.

Part 2. The Head and the Deputy Heads of the respective Hluttaws

1. Leader of second chamber, Leader of first chamber
   On the day of commencement of the first Hluttaw session for each term of the Hluttaw concerned, the person who is to conduct and supervise the Hluttaw session held for the taking of affirmation of office by Hluttaw representatives and for electing the Hluttaw Speaker and Deputy Speaker shall be called the Chairperson, the Head and the Deputy Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be called the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, the Head and the Deputy Head of the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw shall be called the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker.

Part 3. Performance of duties by the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw

Part 4. Functions of the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw

1. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall:
   1. supervise the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw sessions;
   2. invite the President, if he is intimated of the President's desire to address the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
   3. have the right to invite organizations or persons representing any of the Union level organizations formed under the Constitution to attend the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session and give clarifications on matters relating to ongoing discussions, if necessary;
   4. perform other duties and powers prescribed by the Constitution or any law.

Part 5. Convening the Sessions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw

1. The first regular session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be held within 15 days from the first day of the commencement of the first session of the Pyithu Hluttaw. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
2. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw regular session at least once a year. The maximum interval between the two regular sessions shall not exceed twelve months.
3. The following functions shall be carried out at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session:
   1. recording the address delivered by the President;
   2. reading and recording the message sent by the President and other messages permitted by the Speaker;
   3. submitting, discussing and resolving on a Bill;
   4. discussing and resolving on the remarks of the President concerning a Bill approved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
   5. discussing and resolving on matters to be undertaken by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw in accord with the provisions of the Constitution;
   6. discussing, resolving and recording the reports submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
   7. submitting proposals, discussing and resolving;
   8. raising questions and replying;
   9. undertaking matters approved by the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
4. Matters that require resolutions, consents and approvals of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be implemented as follows:
   1. if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is in session, the matter shall be discussed and resolved at that session;
   2. if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session, the matter shall be discussed and resolved at the nearest Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session;
   3. a special session or an emergency session shall be convened to discuss and resolve matters which need urgent action in the interest of the public.
5. Extraordinary legislative sessions
   The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw may convene a special session or an emergency session, if necessary.
6. Extraordinary legislative sessions
   The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene a special session or an emergency session as soon as possible when the President informs him to do so.
7. Extraordinary legislative sessions
   The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene a special session as soon as possible, if at least one-fourth of the total number of the representatives so require.
Quorum for legislative sessions
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1. The first day session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be valid if more than half of the total number, who have the right to attend the session, are present. The session, if invalid, shall be adjourned.
2. The sessions that are adjourned due to invalidity in accord with the Sub-Section (a) as well as the valid sessions that are extended shall be valid if at least one-third of the Hluttaw representatives are present.

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1. A matter that shall be resolved in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, save as otherwise provided by the Constitution, shall be determined by a majority of votes of the representatives of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw who are present and voting.
2. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or the Deputy Speaker acting as such shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.
8. Attendance by legislators
   If a representative of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is, without permission of the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, absent from sessions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for a period of at least 15 consecutive days, the Speaker shall inform the Hluttaw concerned to take action against the representative according to the prescribed procedures. In computing the said period of 15 days, no account shall be taken of any period during which the session is adjourned.
9. Although there are vacant seats, the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall have the right to carry out its functions. Moreover, the resolutions and proceedings of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall not be annulled, notwithstanding the acts of some person who was not entitled to do so sat or voted or took part in the proceedings are later discovered.
10. Publication of deliberations
    The proceedings and the records of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be published. However, the proceedings and the records prohibited by any law or the resolution of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall not be published.
11. Members of the organizations representing any of the Union level organizations formed under the Constitution while attending the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw with the permission of the Speaker have the right to explain, converse and discuss the Bills and other matters in connection with the respective organization.
12. The Union level organizations formed under the Constitution may submit the general situation in connection with the respective organization, which should be submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw with the permission of the Speaker.
Immunity of legislators
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1. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and the provisions of the law relating to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the representatives of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall have freedom of speech and voting at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Joint Committee. Concerning the submitting, discussing and performing at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and the Joint Committee, no action shall be taken against, a representative of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, except under its law.
2. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and the provisions of the law relating to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, members of the organizations or persons representing any of the Union level organizations formed under the Constitution who are invited to attend the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session have the freedom of speech. No action shall be taken against such members or persons for their submission and speeches in Pyidaungsu Hluttaw by other law except under its law.
3. If the persons mentioned in Sub-Sections (a) and (b) committed assault in exercising the said privileges, they shall be liable to punishment under the regulations, by-laws, procedures of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or the existing law.
13. Immunity of legislators
    If there is a need to arrest a Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representative attending the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session or a person attending the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session with the permission or invitation of the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, credible evidence shall be submitted to the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. He shall not be arrested without the prior permission of the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
14. Immunity of legislators
    No action shall be instituted relating to the reports, documents, and Hluttaw records published by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or under its authority.

Part 6. Legislation

1. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall have the right to enact laws for the entire or any part of the Union related to matters prescribed in Schedule One of the Union Legislative List.

Part 7. Legislation relating to Other Matters

1. Subsidiary unit government
   The legislative power is vested in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw relating to other matters not enumerated in the legislative list of the Union, Region or State and Self-Administered Division Leading Body or Self-Administered Zone Leading Body.

Part 8. Legislation relating to Union Territories

1. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall enact the required laws if the need arises to do so for the Union territories relating to matters for which legislative powers are vested to the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw, or Self-Administered Division Leading Body or Self-Administered Zone Leading Body.

Part 9. Submission of a Bill

1. Joint meetings of legislative chambers
   The Bills submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw by the Union level organizations formed under the Constitution, except the Bills that are prescribed in the Constitution to be discussed and resolved exclusively at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, are entitled to initiate and discuss at either the Pyithu Hluttaw or the Amyotha Hluttaw in accord with the prescribed procedures.
2. The Bills, which are to be discussed and resolved exclusively at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw need to be vetted before being discussed at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, those Bills shall be vetted jointly by the Pyithu Hluttaw Bill Committee and the Amyotha Hluttaw Bill Committee, and the findings and remarks of the Joint Committee together with the Bill may be submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session in accord with the prescribed procedures.

Part 10. Submission of the Union Budget Bill

Part 11. Ordinance

1. Head of state decree power
   When the President after promulgating an Ordinance submits it to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for approval, the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall:
   1. resolve to approve the Ordinance or not;
   2. if it is approved determine the period, the Ordinance shall continue to be in operation;
   3. if it is disapproved, cease to operate from the day of its disapproval.

Part 12. Promulgation as Law

1. The laws signed by the President or the laws deemed to have been signed by him shall be promulgated by publication in the official gazette. The Law shall come into operation on the day of such promulgation unless the contrary intention is expressed.
2. International law, Treaty ratification
   The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw:
   1. shall give the resolution on matters relating to ratifying, annulling and revoking from international, regional or bilateral treaties, agreements submitted by the President;
   2. may confer the authority on the President to conclude, annul and revoke any kind of international, regional or bilateral treaties or agreements without the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

Part 1. Formation of the Pyithu Hluttaw

1. Size of first chamber, First chamber selection, Eligibility for first chamber
   The Pyithu Hluttaw shall be formed with a maximum of 440 Hluttaw representatives as follows:
   1. not more than 330 Pyithu Hluttaw representatives elected prescribing electorate in accord with law on the basis of township as well as population or combining with an appropriate township which is contagious to the newly-formed township if it is more than 330 townships;
   2. not more than 110 Pyithu Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services in accord with the law.

Part 2. Election of the Pyithu Hluttaw Chairperson

Part 3. Election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw

Part 4. Functions of the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw

1. Leader of first chamber
   The Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall:
   1. supervise the Pyithu Hluttaw sessions;
   2. invite the President, if he is intimated of the President's desire to address the Pyithu Hluttaw;
   3. have the right to invite members of the organization or persons representing any of the Union level organizations formed under the Constitution to attend the Pyithu Hluttaw and give clarifications on matters relating to ongoing discussions of the Pyithu Hluttaw session, if necessary;
   4. perform other duties and exercise powers prescribed by the Constitution or any law.

Part 5. Performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw

1. Duties, powers and rights of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be prescribed by law. Formation of the Pyithu Hluttaw Committee, Commission and Bodies

Part 6. Formation of the Pyithu Hluttaw Committee, Commission and Bodies

1. Legislative committees, Joint meetings of legislative chambers
   If there arises a certain matter to co-ordinate with the Amyotha Hluttaw, the Pyithu Hluttaw may elect and assign its representatives who will serve with the Joint Committee comprising an equal number of representatives from the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Amyotha Hluttaw to form that Committee. The term of the Joint Committee shall be until the time they have submitted the report to the Hluttaw concerned.
2. Legislative committees, Joint meetings of legislative chambers
   When both the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Amyotha Hluttaw have certain matters to study, apart from matters to be performed by the Committees as prescribed in Sub-Sections (a) and (b) of Section 115, the Speakers of these Hluttaws may co-ordinate among themselves and form a Joint Committee comprising an equal number of representatives from the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Amyotha Hluttaw. The Pyithu Hluttaw may elect and assign the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives included in that Committee. The term of the Joint Committee shall be until the time they have submitted the report to the Hluttaw concerned.

Part 7. Term of the Pyithu Hluttaw

1. Term length for first chamber, Term length of second chamber
   The term of the Pyithu Hluttaw is five years from the day of its first session.

Part 8. Qualification of the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives

1. Eligibility for cabinet, Eligibility for second chamber, Eligibility for supreme court judges, Eligibility for const court judges, Eligibility for ordinary court judges, Eligibility for first chamber
   Persons who possess the following qualifications shall be entitled to be elected as the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives:
   1. Minimum age for first chamber
      person who has attained the age of 25 years;
   2. citizen who was born of both parents who are citizens;
   3. person who has resided in the Union of Myanmar for at least ten consecutive years up to the time of his election as Pyithu Hluttaw representative;

      Proviso: The official period of stay in a foreign country with the permission of the Union shall be counted as a residing period in the Union,

   4. person who possesses qualifications prescribed by the Election Law.

Part 9. Disqualification for the Pyithu Hluttaw Representatives

1. Eligibility for first chamber, Outside professions of legislators, Eligibility for const court judges, Eligibility for cabinet, Eligibility for ordinary court judges, Eligibility for supreme court judges, Eligibility for second chamber
   The following persons shall not be entitled to be elected as the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives:
   1. a person serving prison term, having been convicted by the Court concerned for having committed an offence;
   2. a person who has no right to be elected a Pyithu Hluttaw representative due to having committed an offence relating to disqualification for the Pyithu Hluttaw representative and being convicted for such offence, unless the period specified by the authority for him has not expired, before or after the Constitution comes into operation;
   3. person who is of unsound mind as adjudged by the relevant law;
   4. person who is an undischarged insolvent as being declared by the relevant court;
   5. person who owes allegiance to a foreign government, or subject to a foreign government or a citizen of a foreign country;
   6. person who is entitled to enjoy the rights and privileges of a subject of a foreign government or a citizen of a foreign country;
   7. person himself or is of a member of an organization who obtains and utilizes directly or indirectly the support of money, land, housing, building, vehicle, property, so forth, from government or religious organization or other organizations of a foreign country;
   8. person himself or is of a member of an organization who abets the act of inciting, giving speech, conversing or issuing declaration to vote or not to vote based on religion for political purpose;
   9. member of a religious order;
   10. Civil Services personnel;

       Proviso: The expression shall not be applied to Civil Services personnel including the Defence Services personnel selected and appointed in the Hluttaws and organizations formed under the Constitution.

   11. person himself or is of a member of an organization who obtains and utilizes directly or indirectly the State-owned money, land, housing, building, vehicle, property, so forth;

       Proviso:

       1. The expression 'State-owned money' does not include pension, allowance, money or salary, allowances, money officially granted by the Union for services rendered for the benefit of the Union;
       2. The expression 'State-owned land, housing, building, vehicles and property' does not include State-owned land, housing, building and apartments, other building and apartments, State-owned aircraft, trains, vessels and motor vehicles and property, so forth, which have been permitted by the Union to be used under an existing law or as required by duty, or leased from the Union on payment.
   12. a person who has no right to be elected a Pyithu Hluttaw representative due to having committed a malpractice under relating to the Election Law or acting an omission relating to disqualification for a Pyithu Hluttaw representative being convicted under the Election Law, the period specified by the authority for him has not expired, before or after the Constitution comes into operation.

Part 10. Qualifications of the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel

1. Eligibility for first chamber
   The Defence Services personnel, nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel in accord with the law, shall possess the prescribed qualifications for the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives.

Part 11. Convening the Pyithu Hluttaw Session

1. The first regular session of a term of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be held within 90 days after the commencement of the general election.

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1. Oaths to abide by constitution
   The first regular session of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be held by the State Peace and Development Council after the Constitution comes into operation.
2. The first regular sessions for the forthcoming terms of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be held by the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw who continues to perform his duties in accord with the provisions of the Constitution.

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1. The representatives of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall take an affirmation of office as mentioned in Schedule Four before the Chairperson of the Pyithu Hluttaw at the first regular session of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
2. The representatives of the Pyithu Hluttaw who have not taken an affirmation of office shall do so before the Speaker of the Hluttaw at the session of the Pyithu Hluttaw at which they first attend.
2. The Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall convene the regular session at least once a year. The maximum interval between regular sessions shall not exceed 12 months.
3. The following functions shall be carried out at the Pyithu Hluttaw session:
   1. recording the address delivered by the President;
   2. reading and recording the message sent by the President and other messages permitted by the Speaker;
   3. submitting, discussing and resolving on a Bill;
   4. discussing and resolving on the matters to be undertaken by the Pyithu Hluttaw in accord with the provisions of the Constitution;
   5. discussing, resolving and recording the reports submitted to the Pyithu Hluttaw;
   6. submitting proposals, discussing and resolving;
   7. raising questions and replying;
   8. performing matters approved by the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
Quorum for legislative sessions
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1. The first day session of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be valid if more than half of the total number of the Hluttaw representatives, who have the right to attend the session, are present. The session, if invalid, shall be adjourned.
2. The sessions that are adjourned due to invalidity in accord with the Sub-Section (a) as well as the valid sessions that are extended will be valid if at least one-third of the Hluttaw representatives are present.

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1. A matter that shall be resolved in the Pyithu Hluttaw, save as otherwise provided by the Constitution, shall be determined by a majority of votes of the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives who are present and voting.
2. The Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw or the Deputy Speaker discharging duties as the Speaker at the Pyithu Hluttaw shall not vote in the first instance in the sessions of the Pyithu Hluttaw, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the matter of an equality of votes.
Attendance by legislators, Removal of individual legislators
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1. If a Pyithu Hluttaw representative is, without permission of the Pyithu Hluttaw, absent from a Pyithu Hluttaw session for a period of at least 15 consecutive days, the Pyithu Hluttaw may declare his seat vacant. In computing the said period of 15 days, no account shall be taken of any period during which the session is adjourned.
2. If the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw informed the Pyithu Hluttaw that a Pyithu Hluttaw representative is absent from a Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session for a period of 15 consecutive days without permission, the Pyithu Hluttaw shall take action against the said representative in accord with the prescribed procedures.
4. Although there are vacant seats, the Pyithu Hluttaw shall have the right to carry out its functions. Moreover, the resolutions and proceedings of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall not be annulled, notwithstanding the acts of some person who was not entitled to do so sat or voted or took part in the proceedings are later discovered.
5. Publication of deliberations
   The proceedings and the records of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be published. However, the proceedings and the records prohibited by any law or the resolution of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall not be published.
Immunity of legislators
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1. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and the law relating to the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives shall have freedom of speech and voting at the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw Committee. Concerning the discussing, submitting and performing at the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw Committees, no action shall be taken against a Pyithu Hluttaw representative except under its law.
2. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and the provisions of the law relating to the Pyithu Hluttaw, members of the organizations or persons representing any of the Union level organizations formed under the Constitution who are permitted or invited to attend the session of the Pyithu Hluttaw or any committee of the Pyithu Hluttaw have the freedom of speech at the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw Committees. No action shall be taken against such members or persons for their submissions and speeches in the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw Committees by other law except under its law.
3. If the persons mentioned in Sub-Sections (a) and (b) committed assault in exercising the said privileges, they shall be liable to punishment under the regulations, by-laws, procedures of the Pyithu Hluttaw or the existing laws.
Immunity of legislators
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1. If there is a need to arrest a Pyithu Hluttaw representative attending the session or a person attending the Pyithu Hluttaw session with the permission or invitation of the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw, the credible evidence shall be submitted to the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw. He shall not be arrested without the prior permission of the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
2. If there is a need to arrest a member of a Committee or Commission or the Body of the Pyithu Hluttaw attending session of any Committee or session of Commission or the Body formed by the Pyithu Hluttaw, the credible evidence shall be submitted to the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw through the Head of the Committee or Commission or Body concerned. He shall not be arrested without the prior permission of the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
3. If a Pyithu Hluttaw representative is arrested, the Pyithu Hluttaw or the Pyithu Hluttaw Committee or the Commission or the Body formed by the Pyithu Hluttaw is not in session, the credible evidence in support of such arrest shall as soon as possible be submitted to the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
6. Immunity of legislators
   No action shall be instituted relating to the reports, documents, and Hluttaw records published by the Pyithu Hluttaw or under its authority.

Part 12. Submission of Bill

1. Bills relating to other matters , except the matters prescribed in the Constitution that the Bill shall be submitted and passed exclusively by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw stated in the Schedule One of Union Legislative List, shall be initiated in the Pyithu Hluttaw in accord with the prescribed procedures.

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1. After issuing any rule, regulation or by-law in accord with the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Body concerned shall distribute and submit the said rule, regulation or by-law to its representatives at the nearest regular session of the Pyithu Hluttaw with the permitted arrangement of the Speaker of the Hluttaw.
2. If it is found that a rule, regulation or by-law is in conformity with the provisions of relevant law, Hluttaw representatives may move to annul or amend the rule, regulation or by-law to the Pyithu Hluttaw within 90 days from the day that rule, regulation or by-law is submitted and distributed.
3. If there is a disagreement between the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Amyotha Hluttaw to annul or amend any rule, regulation or by-law, it shall be submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
Division of labor between chambers
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1. If Bills submitted by any Union level organization formed under the Constitution are sent in accord with the prescribed procedures of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, it shall be deemed that such Bills are initiated in the Pyithu Hluttaw, and shall be discussed and resolved in the Pyithu Hluttaw.
2. Bills relating to other matters , except the matters prescribed in the Constitution that the Bill shall be submitted and passed exclusively by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw stated in the Union Legislative List, shall be initiated in the Pyithu Hluttaw in accord with the law. Such Bills shall be discussed and resolved by the Pyithu Hluttaw under the prescribed procedures.
3. The Bills passed by the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be sent to the Amyotha Hluttaw to continue to discuss and resolve.
Division of labor between chambers
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1. After receiving a Bill sent by the Amyotha Hluttaw, the Pyithu Hluttaw may resolve to agree or disagree, or agree with amendments in accord with the resolution of the Amyotha Hluttaw. The Bill shall be sent back to the Amyotha Hluttaw together with the resolution of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
2. When the Pyithu Hluttaw receives the Bill with amendments from the Amyotha Hluttaw it shall, if it accepts the Bill with amendments of the Amyotha Hluttaw, send to the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
3. If there is a disagreement between the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Amyotha Hluttaw relating to the Bill sent to the Amyotha Hluttaw, the Pyithu Hluttaw shall take the resolution of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
2. Members of the organization representing any Union level Body formed under the Constitution are entitled:
   1. to explain, converse and discuss Bills or matters relating to their Bodies when they are attending the Pyithu Hluttaw session with the permission of the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw;
   2. to explain, converse and discuss Bills or matters relating to their Bodies when they are attending sessions of the Committees, Commissions and Bodies of the Pyithu Hluttaw with the permission of the Head of the Committee, Commission or Body concerned.

Part 1. Formation of the Amyotha Hluttaw

1. Second chamber selection, Size of second chamber, Eligibility for second chamber
   The Amyotha Hluttaw shall be formed with a maximum of 224 Hluttaw representatives as follows:
   1. 168 Amyotha Hluttaw representatives elected in an equal number of 12 representatives from each Region or State inclusive of relevant Union territories and including one representative from each Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone;
   2. 56 Amyotha Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services in accord with the law, four representatives from each Region or State inclusive of relevant Union territories;
   3. in forming the Amyotha Hluttaw as mentioned in Sub-Sections (a) and (b), the relevant Union Territory means the Union Territories, prescribed under the Constitution, or prescribed by law of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, which are inclusive in State or Division, Region or State for the purpose of electing the Amyotha Hluttaw representative.

Part 2. Election of Chairperson of the Amyotha Hluttaw

1. Election of Chairperson of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be carried out subject to the provisions relating to the election of Chairperson of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 110.

Part 3. Election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw

1. Leader of second chamber
   Election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be carried out subject to the provisions relating to the election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 111.

Part 4. Duties of the Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw

1. Leader of second chamber
   The duties of the Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be subject to the provisions relating to the duties of the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 112.

Part 5. Performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw

1. Performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be subject to the provisions relating to the performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 113.
2. Duties, powers and rights of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be prescribed by law.

Part 6. Formation of the Amyotha Hluttaw Committees, Commissions and Bodies

1. Legislative committees, Joint meetings of legislative chambers
   If there arises a certain matter to co-ordinate with the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw may elect and assign its representatives who will serve with the Joint Committee comprising an equal number of representatives from the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw to form that Committee. The term of the Joint Committee shall be until the time they have submitted the report to the Hluttaw concerned.
2. Legislative committees, Joint meetings of legislative chambers
   When both the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw have certain matters to study, apart from matters to be performed by the Committees as prescribed in Sub-Sections (a) and (b) of Section 147, the Speakers of these Hluttaws may co-ordinate among themselves and form a Joint Committee comprising an equal number of representatives from the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw. The Amyotha Hluttaw may elect and assign the Amyotha Hluttaw representatives included in that Committee. The term of the Joint Committee shall be until the time they have submitted the report to the Hluttaw concerned.
3. Formation of the Amyotha Hluttaw Commissions and Bodies of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be carried out subject to the provisions relating to the formation of Commission and Bodies of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 118.

Part 7. Term of the Amyotha Hluttaw

1. Term length of second chamber
   The term of the Amyotha Hluttaw is the same as the term of the Pyithu Hluttaw. The term of the Amyotha Hluttaw expires on the day of the expiry of the Pyithu Hluttaw.

Part 8. Qualifications of the Amyotha Hluttaw representatives

1. Eligibility for second chamber
   The Amyotha Hluttaw representatives shall be:
   1. Minimum age for second chamber
      persons who have attained the age of 30 years;
   2. persons who have qualifications, with the exception of the age limit, entitled to be elected as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives prescribed under Section 120;
   3. Outside professions of legislators
      persons whose qualifications does not breach the provisions under Section 121 which disqualified a person from standing for election as the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives.

Part 9. Qualifications of the Amyotha Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel

1. Eligibility for second chamber
   The Defence Services personnel, nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services as the Amyotha Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel in accord with the law, shall possess the prescribed qualifications for the Amyotha Hluttaw representatives.

Part 10. Convening of the Amyotha Hluttaw Session

1. Convening the Amyotha Hluttaw session shall be carried out subject to the provisions relating to convening of the Pyithu Hluttaw sessions under Sections 124 to 135.

Part 11. Submission of Bill

1. Bills relating to other matters, except the matters prescribed in the Constitution that the Bill was submitted and passed exclusively by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw stated in Union Legislative List, shall be initiated in the Amyotha Hluttaw in accord with the prescribed procedures.

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1. After issuing a rule, regulation or by-law in accord with the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Body concerned shall distribute and submit the said rule, regulation or by-law to its representatives at the nearest regular session of the Amyotha Hluttaw with the permitted arrangement of the Speaker of the Hluttaw.
2. If it is found that a rule, regulation or by-law is in conformity with the provisions of relevant law, Hluttaw representatives may move to annul or amend the rule, regulation or by-law to the Amyotha Hluttaw within 90 days from the day that rule, regulation or by-law is submitted and distributed.
3. If there is a disagreement between the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw to annul or amend any rule, regulation or by-law, it shall be submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
Division of labor between chambers
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1. If Bills submitted by any Union level organization formed under the Constitution are sent in accord with prescribed procedures of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, it shall be deemed that such Bills are initiated in the Amyotha Hluttaw, and shall be discussed and resolved in the Amyotha Hluttaw.
2. Bills relating to other matters, except the matters prescribed in the Constitution that the Bill was submitted and passed exclusively by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw stated in the Union Legislative List shall be initiated in the Amyotha Hluttaw in accord with the law. Such Bills shall be discussed and resolved by the Amyotha Hluttaw under the prescribed procedures.
3. The Bills passed by the Amyotha Hluttaw shall be sent to the Pyithu Hluttaw to continue to discuss and to resolve.
Division of labor between chambers
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1. After receiving a Bill sent by the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw may resolve to agree or disagree, or agree with amendments in accord with the resolution of the Pyithu Hluttaw. The Bill shall be sent back to the Pyithu Hluttaw together with the resolution of the Amyotha Hluttaw.
2. When the Amyotha Hluttaw receives the Bill with amendments from the Pyithu Hluttaw it shall, if it accepts the Bill with amendments of the Pyithu Hluttaw, send to the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
3. If there is a disagreement between the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw relating to the Bill sent to the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw shall obtain the resolution of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
2. Members representing any Union level Body formed under the Constitution are entitled:
   1. to explain, converse and discuss Bills or matters relating to their Bodies when they are attending the Amyotha Hluttaw session with the permission of the Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw;
   2. to explain, converse and discuss Bills or matters relating to their Bodies when they are attending sessions of the Committees, Commissions and Bodies of the Amyotha Hluttaw with the permission of the Head of the Committee, Commission or Body concerned.

Part 1. Formation of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw

1. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Hluttaw shall be formed with the following persons:
   1. representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw, two of each are elected from each township in the Regions or the States;
   2. representatives of the Region Hluttaw, each is elected from each national race determined by the authorities concerned as having a population which constitutes 0.1 percent and above of the population of the Union, of the remaining national races other than those who have already obtained the respective Region or a Self-Administered Area in that Region;
   3. representatives of the State Hluttaw, each is elected from each national race determined by the authorities concerned as having a population which constitutes 0.1 percent and above of the population of the Union, of the remaining national races other than those who have already obtained respective State or a Self-Administered Area in that State;
   4. representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw who are the Defence Services personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services in accord with the law for an equal number of one-third of the total number of Hluttaw representatives elected under Sub-Sections (a) and (b) or (a) and (c).

Part 2. Election of the Chairperson of the Region or State Hluttaw

1. Election of Chairperson of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw shall be carried out subject to the provisions relating to the election of Chairperson of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 110.

Part 3. Election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw

1. Election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw shall be carried out subject to the provisions relating to the election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw under Section 111. Duties of the Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw

Part 4. Duties of the Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw

1. The Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw shall:
   1. supervise the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw sessions;
   2. invite the President, if he is informed of the President's desire to address the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw;
   3. make necessary arrangement if the Chief Minister of the Region or State informs his desire to address;
   4. have the right to invite members of the organization or persons representing any Region or State level organization formed under the Constitution to attend the session of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw and give clarifications on matters relating to ongoing discussions, if necessary;
   5. perform other duties and powers prescribed by the Constitution or any law.

Part 5. Performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw

1. Performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw shall be subject to the provisions relating to the performance and termination of duties of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw in Section 113.
2. Duties, powers and rights of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw shall be prescribed by law. Formation of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw Committee and Bodies

Part 6. Formation of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw Committee and Bodies

Part 7. Term of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw

1. The term of the Region or State Hluttaw is the same as the term of the Pyithu Hluttaw. The term of the Region or State Hluttaw expires on the day of the expiry of the Pyithu Hluttaw.

Part 8. Qualifications of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw representatives

1. The Region or State Hluttaw representatives shall:
   1. have qualifications entitled to be elected as the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives under Section 120;
   2. shall be subject to the provisions of Section 121 which provide the disqualifications to be elected as the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives.

Part 9. Qualifications of the Region or State Hluttaw representatives who are Defence Services personnel

1. The Defence Services personnel, nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services as the Region or State Hluttaw representatives who are the Defence Services personnel in accord with the law, shall possess the prescribed qualifications for the Region or State Hluttaw representatives.

Part 10. Convening the Region or State Hluttaw Sessions

1. The Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw shall convene the regular session at least once a year. The maximum interval between regular sessions shall not exceed 12 months.
2. The following functions shall be carried out at the Region or State Hluttaw session:
   1. recording the addresses delivered by the President;
   2. reading and recording the message sent by President and other messages permitted by the Speaker;
   3. recording the address delivered by the Chief Minister of the Region or the State;
   4. submitting, discussing and resolving on a Bill;
   5. discussing and resolving on the matters to be undertaken by the Region or State Hluttaw in accord with the provisions of the Constitution;
   6. discussing, resolving and recording the reports submitted to the Region or State Hluttaw;
   7. submitting proposal, discussing and resolving;
   8. raising questions and replying;
   9. undertaking matters approved by the Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw.
3. Matters that require resolution, agreement and approval of the Region or State Hluttaw shall be implemented as follows:
   1. if the Region or State Hluttaw is in session, the matter shall be resolved at that session;
   2. if the Region or State Hluttaw is not in session, the matter shall be resolved at the nearest Region or State Hluttaw session;
   3. a special session or an emergency session shall be convened to discuss and to resolve matters which need urgent action in the interest of the public.
4. The Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw may convene a special session or an emergency session of the Region or State Hluttaw, if necessary.
5. The Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw shall convene a special or an emergency session of the Region or State Hluttaw as soon as possible when the Chief Minister of the Region or State informs him to do so.
6. The Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw shall convene a special session as soon as possible, if at least one-fourth of the total number of the Region or State Hluttaw representatives so require.

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1. The first day session of the Region or State Hluttaw shall be valid if more than half of the total number of Hluttaw representatives, who have the right to attend the Region or State Hluttaw session, are present. The session, if invalid, shall be adjourned.
2. The sessions that are adjourned due to invalidity in accord with the Sub-Section (a) as well as the valid session that are extended will be valid if at least one-third of the Hluttaw representatives are present.

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1. A matter that shall be resolved in the Region or State Hluttaw, save as otherwise provided by the Constitution, shall be determined by a majority of votes of the Region or State Hluttaw representatives who are present and voting.
2. The Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw discharging duties as the Speaker at the Region or State Hluttaw shall not voted in the first instance in the sessions of the Region or State Hluttaw, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the matter of an equality of votes.
7. If the Region or State Hluttaw representative is, without permission of the Region or State Hluttaw, absent from a Region or a State Hluttaw session for a period of at least 15 consecutive days, the Region or State Hluttaw may declare his seat vacant. In computing the said period of 15 days, it shall not be counted of any period during which the session is adjourned.
8. Although there are vacant seats, the Region or State Hluttaw shall have the right to carry out its functions. Moreover, the resolutions and proceedings of the Region or State Hluttaw shall not be annulled, notwithstanding the acts of some person who was not entitled to do so sat or voted or took part in the proceedings are later discovered.
9. The proceedings and the records of the Region or State Hluttaw shall be published. However, the proceedings and the records prohibited by any law or the resolution of the Region or State Hluttaw shall not be published.

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1. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and the provisions of the law relating to the Region or State Hluttaw, the Region or State Hluttaw representatives shall have freedom of speech and voting at the Region or State Hluttaw and the Committee and Body formed by the Region or State Hluttaw. Concerning the discussing, submitting and performing at the Region or State Hluttaw and the Region or State Hluttaw Committees and Bodies, no action shall be taken against a Region or a State Hluttaw representative except under its laws.
2. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and the provisions of the law relating to the Region or State Hluttaw, members of the organizations or persons representing any of the Region or State level organizations formed under the Constitution who are permitted or invited to attend the session of the Region or State Hluttaw or any Committee and Body of the Region or State Hluttaw have the freedom of speech at the Region or State Hluttaw or the Region or State Hluttaw Committees and Bodies. No action shall be taken against such members or persons for their submissions and speeches in the Region or State Hluttaw by other law except under its laws.
3. If the persons mentioned in Sub-Sections (a) and (b) committed assault in exercising the said privileges, they shall be liable to punishment under the regulations, by-laws, procedures of the Region or State Hluttaw or the existing laws.

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1. If there is a need to arrest a Region or a State Hluttaw representative attending the Region or State Hluttaw session or a person attending the Region or State Hluttaw session with the permission or invitation of the Speaker of the Hluttaw, the credible evidence shall be submitted to the Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw. He shall not be arrested without the prior permission of the Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw.
2. If there is a need to arrest a member of a Committee or a Body of the Region or State Hluttaw attending session of any Committee or Body formed by the Region or State Hluttaw, the credible evidence shall be submitted to the Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw through the Head of the Committee or Body concerned. He shall not be arrested without the prior permission of the Speaker of the Hluttaw.
3. If a representative of the Region or State Hluttaw is arrested, session of the Region or State Hluttaw or session of any Committee or any Body formed by the Hluttaw is not in session, the credible evidence in support of such arrest shall as soon as possible be submitted to the Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw.
10. No action shall be instituted relating to the reports, documents and Hluttaw records published by the Region or State Hluttaw or under its authority.

Part 11. Legislation

1. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Hluttaw shall have the right to enact laws for the entire or any part of the Region or State related to matters prescribed in Schedule Two of the Region or State Hluttaw Legislative List.

Part 12. Submission of Bill

1. Representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw shall submit the Bills relating to other matters, except the matters prescribed in the Constitution that the Bill was submitted exclusively by the Region or State Hluttaw stated in the Schedule Two of the Region or State Legislative List, to the Region or State Hluttaw in accord with the prescribed procedures.

Part 13. Submission of Region and State Budget Bill

1. The Region or State Hluttaw shall pass a resolution when the Region or State government submits the Region or State estimated budget in accord with the prescribed procedures.

Part 14. Promulgation of Law

Part 15. Self-Administered Division and Self-Administered Zone Leading Bodies

1. The legislative power relating to the matters listed in the Schedule Three for respective Divisions or Zones are allotted to the Self-Administered Division or the Self-Administered Zone Leading Bodies.

Part 16. Duties, powers and rights of the representatives of the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Region or State Hluttaw

1. Duties, powers and rights of the representatives of the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Region or State Hluttaw shall be prescribed by law.

Part 17. Effect of Laws

1. Constitutionality of legislation, National vs subnational laws
   The effect of laws enacted by different levels of the Hluttaw and the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Area is as follows:
   1. if any provision of the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaw, the State Hluttaw, the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or the Self-Administered Zone or, any existing law is inconsistent with any provision of the Constitution, the Constitution shall prevail;
   2. if any provision of the law enacted by the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw is inconsistent with any provision of the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall prevail;
   3. if any provision of the law enacted by the Leading Body of the Self-Administered Division or the Self-Administered Zone is inconsistent with any provision of the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall prevail;
   4. if any provision of the law enacted by the Leading Body of the Self-Administered Division or the Self-Administered Zone is inconsistent with any provision of the law enacted by the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw concerned, the law enacted by the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw concerned shall prevail.

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Part 1. Formation of the Union Government

1. The Union Government shall comprise the following persons:
   1. The President;
   2. Deputy executive
      Vice-Presidents;
   3. Establishment of cabinet/ministers
      Ministers of the Union;
   4. Attorney general
      The Attorney General of the Union.

Part 2. Formation of the National Defence and Security Council

1. Advisory bodies to the head of state
   The National Defence and Security Council led by the President, to enable it to discharge the duties assigned by the Constitution or any law, shall be formed with the following persons:
   1. The President;
   2. Vice-President;
   3. Vice-President;
   4. Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw;
   5. Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw;
   6. Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services;
   7. Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services;
   8. Minister for Defence;
   9. Minister for Foreign Affairs;
   10. Minister for Home Affairs;
   11. Minister for Border Affairs.

Part 3. Powers and Functions of the President

1. Head of state powers
   The President, with the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, may:
   1. designate the Ministries of the Union Government as necessary, and may make changes and additions to the ministries;
   2. designate the number of the Union Ministers as necessary, and may increase or decrease the number.
2. The President shall be responsible to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. The Vice-Presidents shall be responsible to the President and also to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw through the President.
3. Head of state powers, Advisory bodies to the head of state
   The President has:
   1. Power to pardon
      the power to grant a pardon;
   2. the power to grant amnesty in accord with the recommendation of the National Defence and Security Council.
4. Head of state powers
   The President may, in accord with the law, have:
   1. the power to confer honorary titles and awards; and
   2. the power to revoke conferred honorary titles and awards.
5. Advisory bodies to the head of state, Foreign affairs representative, Head of state powers
   The President may establish or sever diplomatic relations with foreign countries with the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. However, in situation which requires immediate action, the President may sever diplomatic relations with any foreign country after coordination with the National Defence and Security Council. The President shall submit that action to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for its approval.
6. Foreign affairs representative, Head of state powers
   The President, in accord with the law, may:
   1. appoint and recall the diplomats of its country;
   2. agree on the appointment of foreign diplomats and send information on the recall of diplomats;
   3. accept the letters of accreditation presented by foreign diplomats.
7. Head of state powers
   The President, in accord with the law, may appoint and dismiss Heads of the Bodies of Civil Services.
8. International law, Treaty ratification
   The President, in accord with the law:
   1. shall enter into, ratify or annul international, regional or bilateral treaties which require the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, or revoke from such treaties;
   2. may enter into, ratify or annul international, regional or bilateral treaties which do not require the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, or revoke from such treaties.
9. The President shall have the right to occasionally deliver an address or send a message to the session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or the Amyotha Hluttaw, or to the entire country relating to the policies and general situation of the Union.
10. Extraordinary legislative sessions
    The President may intimate the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw to summon an emergency or special session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, if necessary.
Head of state decree power
212
1. Except Union budget matters, the President shall have the right to promulgate an ordinance for administrative matters that need immediate action during the interval between sessions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
2. If the President has not revoked the ordinance promulgated under Sub-Section (a), he shall submit the ordinance for approval to the nearest session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw within 60 days after the promulgation of the ordinance. If the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session, the President shall, within 60 days after the promulgation of such ordinance, summon a special session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for approval.
3. The ordinance shall cease to have effect from the day on which it is not approved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
4. The ordinance promulgated by the President, with the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, will continue to be in operation for the required period.
5. Notwithstanding that an ordinance has been already revoked within 60 days after its promulgation, it shall be submitted to the nearest session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
6. If an ordinance contains the provision to which the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw has no right to make a resolution in accord with the Constitution, the said provision shall cease to have effect.
11. Advisory bodies to the head of state, Designation of commander in chief, Head of state powers
    The President:
    1. shall have the right to take appropriate military action, in co-ordination with the National Defence and Security Council formed in accord with the Constitution, in case of aggression against the Union;
    2. Extraordinary legislative sessions
       shall submit the action so taken to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for approval if it is in session, or to summon an emergency session to submit that matter for approval if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session;
    3. Power to declare/approve war
       may declare war or make peace only with the assent of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
12. The President shall take action in accord with the provisions of the Constitution and sign the laws passed and enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. The said signed laws shall be promulgated in the Official Gazette.
13. Head of state immunity
    The President shall not be answerable to either any Hluttaw or to any Court for the exercise of the powers and functions of his office or for any act done or purported to be done by him in the exercise of these powers and functions in accord with the Constitution or any law. However, the exemption does not deal with the provisions relating to impeachment of the President under the Constitution.

Part 4. The Executive Power of the Union Government

1. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution, the executive power of the Union extends to administrative matters over which the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw has power to make laws.
2. Subject to the provisions of the Constitution, the executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President. Nothing in this Section shall prevent the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw from conferring functions and powers upon any authoritative body or person, or be deemed to transfer to the President functions and powers vested in any administrative body or person concerned under the existing laws.

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1. All executive actions of the Union Government shall be taken as action in the name of the President.
2. The President shall, except in matters conferred on him by the Constitution to perform in his own discretion, have the right to issue necessary rules on matters to be performed by the Union Government, on allocation of the said matters to the Ministries of the Union Government, and on allocation to the person responsible to act under any law.
3. Orders and instruments executed in the name of the President shall be in accord with the manners of the prescribed rules issued by the President. Moreover, the validity of such order or instruments shall not be called in question on the ground that it was not done by the President.
4. The President may, without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of Sub-Sections (a), (b) and (c) of this Section, allocate his duties regionally or according to the functions of the Government department.
3. The Union Government preserves stability of the Union, community peace and tranquility and prevalence of law and order.
4. The Union Government shall promulgate its policies in accord with the provisions of the Constitution. The necessary projects have to be drawn in accord with the said policies and shall be implemented with the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
5. Budget bills
   The Union Government shall draft the Union Budget Bill based on the annual Union budget, after coordinating with the Financial Commission, and submit it for approval to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw in accord with the provisions of the Constitution.
6. Budget bills
   The Union Government shall, if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is unable to promulgate the Union Budget Bill before the end of the Budget Year, expend within the framework of the general expenditure included in the last-enacted Budget Law of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
7. Initiation of general legislation
   The Union Government may, relating to the matters which may be enacted into law by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw in accord with the provisions of the Constitution, submit the Bill to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
8. The Ministries of the Union Government shall, in carrying out the functions of their subordinate governmental departments and organizations, manage, guide, supervise and inspect in accord with the provisions of the Constitution and the existing laws.
9. In carrying out functions of the Region Government, the State Government, and the Leading Bodies of Self-Administered Division and Self-Administered Zone, the Union Government co-operates and co-ordinates with them to be effective and successful.
10. Powers of cabinet
    The Union Government, with the exception of Constitutional disputes and the disputes over territorial re-delineation shall:
    1. mediate and if necessary, decide, on disputes over administration between the Region and State, among Regions, among States, between Region or State and Self-Administered Area, among Self-Administered Areas; and
    2. mediate and if necessary, decide, on disputes over administration between the Region or State and Union territory, between Self-Administered Area and Union territory.
11. Powers of cabinet
    The Union Government, in accord with the law:
    1. may form Civil Services organizations relating to the Union as necessary. In so forming, the functions and powers shall be prescribed;
    2. may appoint the required civil service personnel.
12. Powers of cabinet, Legislative oversight of the executive
    The Union Government shall:
    1. implement the administrative resolutions passed occasionally by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and report back the actions which have been taken to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
    2. submit occasionally matters relating to the general situation of the Union to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

Part 5. Formation of the Financial Commission

Part 6. Duties and Functions of the Financial Commission

Part 7. Taxes and revenues to be paid to the Union Fund

Part 1. Appointment of the Union Ministers

Part 2. Impeachment of the Union Minister

Part 3. Appointment of Deputy Ministers

Part 4. Term of office, resignation, termination of duties and filling vacancy of the Union Ministers and Deputy Ministers

Part 5. The Attorney General of the Union and the Deputy Attorney General

1. Attorney general
   The Attorney General of the Union shall be called the Attorney General of the Union.

Part 6. The appointment of the Attorney General of the Union

Part 7. Impeachment of the Attorney General of the Union

1. If there is a need to impeach the Attorney General of the Union, the same procedure for the impeachment of the Union Minister under Section 233 shall be applied.

Part 8. Appointment of the Deputy Attorney General

Part 9. Term of office, resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy of the Attorney-General of the Union and the Deputy Attorney-General

Part 10. Auditor-General of the Union and the Deputy Auditor-General

1. The Auditor-General of the Union shall be called the Auditor-General of the Union.

Part 11. Appointment of the Auditor-General of the Union

Part 12. Impeachment of the Auditor-General of the Union

1. If there is a need to impeach the Auditor-General of the Union, the same procedure for the impeachment of the Union Minister under Section 233 shall be applied.

Part 13. Appointment of the Deputy Auditor-General

Part 14. Term of office, resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy of the Auditor-General of the Union and the Deputy Auditor-General

Part 15. Formation of the Union Civil Services Board

Part 16. The Region Government or the State Government

Part 17. Formation of the Region Government or State Government

Part 18. Executive powers of the Region or State Government

1. Subsidiary unit government
   Subject to the provisions of the Constitution, the executive power of the Region or State Government extends to the administrative matters which the Region or State Hluttaw has power to make laws. Moreover, it also extends to the matters which the Region or State Government is permitted to perform in accord with any Union Law.
2. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Government shall have the responsibility to assist the Union Government in the preservation of the stability of the Union, community peace and tranquillity and prevalence of law and order.
3. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Government shall, subject to the policies adopted by the Union Government and Union Laws, implement projects that are to be undertaken in the Region or State with the approval of the Region or State Hluttaw concerned.
4. The Region or State Government shall, in accord with the provisions of the Constitution, submit the Region or State Budget Bill based on the annual Union Budget to the Region or State Hluttaw concerned.
5. The Region or State Government shall, if the Region or State Budget Bill is unable to promulgate before the end of the Budget year, expend within the framework of the general expenditure included in the last-enacted Budget Law of the Region or State Hluttaw.

Part 19. Charges and Taxes to be Collected by the Region or State Government

1. The Region or State Government, in accord with the provisions of the Constitution, may submit the necessary Bill relating to matters listed in Schedule Two of the Region or State Legislative List to the Region or State Hluttaw.
2. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Government:
   1. shall, in carrying out the functions of the Region or State Ministries, their subordinate governmental departments and organizations, manage, guide, supervise and inspect in accord with the provisions of the Constitution and the existing laws;
   2. may, relating to the performance of the civil service organizations discharging duties in their Region or State concerned, supervise, inspect and coordinate in accord with the law.
3. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Government may, for enabling the performance of the functions to be carried out in accord with the Union Law for Civil Services and in co-ordination with the Union Government in advance:
   1. form Civil Services organizations relating to the Region or State as necessary;
   2. appoint the required number of Civil Services personnel.
4. The Region or State Government shall:
   1. implement the administrative resolutions passed occasionally by the Region or State concerned and report back the actions which has taken to the Region or State Hluttaw concerned;
   2. submit the report on the general situations of its area to the Union Government and to the Region or State Hluttaw concerned.
5. Subsidiary unit government
   The Region or State Government shall discharge the functions occasionally assigned by the Union Government.

Part 20. Office of the Region or State Government

1. Subsidiary unit government
   The Head of the General Administration Department of the Region or State is the ex-officio Secretary of the Region or State Government concerned. Moreover, the General Administration Department of the Region or State is the Office of the Region or State Government concerned.

Part 1. Appointment of the Chief Minister of the Region or State

Part 1. Appointment of the Ministers of the Region or Ministers of the State

Part 2. Impeachment of the Chief Minister of the Region or State or any Minister

Part 3. Resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy of the Chief Minister or Minister of the Region or State

Part 4. Advocate-General of the Region or Advocate-General of the State

1. The Advocate-General of the Region or the Advocate-General of the State shall be called the Advocate-General of the Region or the Advocate-General of the State.

Part 5. The Appointment of the Advocate-General of the Region or State

Part 6. Impeachment of the Advocate-General of the Region or State

1. If there is a need to impeach the Advocate-General of the Region or State, the same procedure for the impeachment of the Chief Minister or any Minister of the Region or State under Section 263 shall be applied.

Part 7. Resignation, termination of office, filling vacancy of the Advocate-General of the Region or State

1. The Advocate-General of the Region or State is, subject to provisions of Sections 262 (n) and 264 prescribed for the relevant Chief Minister or the relevant Ministers of the Region or State concerning resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy and deeming the person to have retired in case he is a Civil Services personnel.
2. Duties, powers and rights of the Advocate-General of the Region or State shall be prescribed by law.

Part 8. Auditor-General of the Region or Auditor-General of the State

1. The Auditor-General of the Region or State shall be called the Auditor-General of the Region or Auditor-General of the State.

Part 9. Appointment of the Auditor-General of the Region or the Auditor-General of the State

Part 10. Impeachment of the Auditor-General of the Region or the Auditor-General of the State

1. If there is a need to impeach the Auditor-General of the Region or State, the same procedure for the impeachment of the Chief Minister or any Minister of the Region or State under Section 263 shall be applied.

Part 11. Resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy of the Auditor-General of the Region or the Auditor-General of the State

1. The Auditor-General of the Region or State is, subject to provisions of Section 264 prescribed for the Chief Minister or Ministers of the Region or State concerning resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy and deeming as the person to have retired in case he is a Civil Services personnel.
2. Duties, powers and rights of the Auditor-General of the Region or State shall be prescribed by law.

Part 12. Administrative Body of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone

1. The Administrative Body of Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone shall be called the leading body of the Self-Administered Division or leading body of the Self-Administered Zone.

Part 13. Formation of Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division and the Self-Administered Zone

Part 14. Executive Powers of the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone

1. Subject to provisions of the Constitution, the Self- executive power of the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone extend to the following matters:
   1. on which the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone has power to make law under Schedule Three;
   2. on which the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone has power to implement in accord with any law enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
   3. on which the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone has power to implement in accord with any law enacted by the Region or State Hluttaw concerned.
2. The Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone shall be responsible to assist the Union Government in preserving stability of the Union, community peace and tranquillity and prevalence of law and order.
3. The Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self- Administered Zone shall:
   1. subject to the policies of the Union Government draw work programmes for the development of their territory and shall co-ordinate with the Region or State Government concerned;
   2. draw annual budgets and co-ordinate for approval with the Region or State Government concerned in accord with the provisions of the Constitutions;
   3. have the right to expend the allotted fund included in the Budget Law of the Region or State Government concerned in accord with the rules;
   4. have the right to expend within the permitted framework to the general expenditure included in the last-enacted Budget Law of the Region or State Hluttaw if the Region or State Hluttaw is unable to pass the Region or State Budget Bill submitted by the Region or State Government.
4. The Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone may, in accord with the law, supervise, co-operate and co-ordinate the functions of the Civil Services organizations which are performing the duties within their territory.
5. The Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone shall submit reports of the general situations of their territory to the Union Government and the Region or State Government concerned.
6. The Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone shall perform the functions which are occasionally assigned by the Union Government and the Region or State Government concerned.

Part 15. Office of the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone

1. The Head of General Administration Department of the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone shall serve as the Secretary of the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone. Moreover, the General Administration Department of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone is also the Office of the Leading Bodies of the Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone.

Part 16. Administration of Nay Pyi Taw, the Union Territory

Part 17. Formation of the Nay Pyi Taw Council

Part 18. Resignation, termination of office, filling the vacancy of the Chairperson and members of the Nay Pyi Taw Council

Part 19. Office of Nay Pyi Taw Council

1. The Head of General Administration Department of Nay Pyi Taw is ex-officio the secretary of the Nay Pyi Taw Council. General Administration Department of Nay Pyi Taw is the office of the Nay Pyi Taw Council.

Part 20. Administration of district and township

1. Municipal government
   Administration of district and township level shall be assigned to the Civil Services personnel.

Part 21. Administration of ward and village-tract

1. Municipal government
   Administration of ward or village-tract shall be assigned in accord with the law to a person whose integrity is respected by the community.

Part 1. Constitution of the Supreme Court of the Union

1. Structure of the courts
   In the Union, there shall be a Supreme Court of the Union. Without affecting the powers of the Constitutional Tribunal and the Courts-Martial, the Supreme Court of the Union is the highest Court of the Union.

Part 2. Original Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the Union

1. Emergency provisions, Supreme court powers
   The Supreme Court of the Union:
   1. has the power to issue the following writs:
      1. Writ of Habeas Corpus;
      2. Writ of Mandamus;
      3. Writ of Prohibition;
      4. Writ of Quo Warranto;
      5. Writ of Certiorari.
   2. The applications to issue writs shall be suspended in the areas where the state of emergency is declared.

Part 3. Judiciary Budget

1. The Supreme Court of the Union shall submit judiciary budget to the Union Government in order to include and present in the Annual Budget Bill of the Union in accord with the provisions of the Constitution.

Part 4. Submission of the Judiciary Situation

1. The Chief Justice of the Union may submit important judiciary situation concerning the Union or the public, either to the session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or the Pyithu Hluttaw or the Amyotha Hluttaw from time to time.

Part 5. Appointment of the Chief Justice of the Union and the Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union

Part 6. Qualifications of the Chief Justice of the Union and Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union

1. Eligibility for supreme court judges
   The Chief Justice of the Union and Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union shall be a person of following qualifications:
   1. Minimum age of supreme court judges
      not younger than 50 years and not older than 70 years;
   2. who has qualifications, with the exception of the age limit, prescribed in Section 120 for Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
   3. whose qualifications does not breach the provisions under the Section 121 which disqualify him from standing for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
   4. 1. who has served as a Judge of the High Court of the Region or State for at least five years; or
      2. who has served as a Judicial Officer or a Law Officer at least 10 years not lower than that of the Region or State level; or
      3. who has practised as an Advocate for at least 20 years; or
      4. who is, in the opinion of the President, an eminent jurist;
   5. loyal to the Union and its citizens;
   6. who is not a member of a political party;
   7. who is not a Hluttaw representative.

Part 7. Impeachment of the Chief Justice of the Union and Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union

Part 8. Term of the Chief Justice of the Union and Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union

1. Mandatory retirement age for judges, Supreme court term length, Supreme/ordinary court judge removal
   The Chief Justice of the Union and Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union shall hold office up to the age of 70 years unless one of the following occurs:
   1. resignation on his own volition;
   2. being impeached in accord with the provisions under the Constitution and removed from office;
   3. being found to be unable to continue to serve due to permanent disability caused by either physical or mental defect according to the findings of the medical board formed by law;
   4. death.
2. Supreme court powers
   Duties, powers and rights of the Chief Justice of the Union and Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union shall be prescribed by law.

Part 1. Formation of High Courts of the Region or High Courts of the State

1. There is the High Court of the Region in the Region and the High Court of the State in the State.

Part 2. Jurisdictions of High Courts of the Region or High Courts of the State

1. High Courts of the Region or State shall have the following jurisdictions in accord with the law:
   1. adjudicating on original case;
   2. adjudicating on appeal case;
   3. adjudicating on revision case;
   4. adjudicating on matters prescribed by any law.

Part 3. Appointment of the Chief Justice and Judges of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State

Part 4. Qualification of the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State and Judges of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State

1. Eligibility for ordinary court judges
   The Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region or State and Judges of the High Court of the Region or State shall be a person of the following qualifications:
   1. Minimum age of ordinary court judges
      not younger than 45 years and not older than 65 years of age;
   2. who has the qualifications, with the exception of the age limit, prescribed under Section 120 for the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
   3. whose qualifications does not breach the provisions under Section 121 which disqualify him from standing for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
   4. 1. who has served as a Judicial Officer or Law Officer at least five years not lower than that of the Region or State level or as a Judicial Officer or Law Officer at least 10 years not lower than that of the District level for; or
      2. who has practised as an Advocate for at least 15 years; or
      3. who is, in the opinion of the President, an eminent jurist.
   5. loyal to the Union and its citizens;
   6. who is not a member of a political party;
   7. who is not a Hluttaw representative.

Part 5. Impeachment of the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State and Judges of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State

Part 6. Term of the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State and Judges of the High Court of the Region or High Court of the State

1. Mandatory retirement age for judges, Supreme/ordinary court judge removal, Ordinary court term length
   The Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region or State and Judges of the High Court of the Region or State shall hold office up to the age of 65 years unless any of the following occurs:
   1. resignation on his own volition;
   2. being impeached in accord with the provisions under the Constitution and removed from office;
   3. being found to be unable to continue to serve due to permanent disability caused by either physical or mental defect according to the findings of the medical board formed by law;
   4. death.
2. Duties, powers and rights of the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region or State and the Judges of the High Court of the Region or State shall be prescribed by law.

Part 7. Courts under the Supervision of the High Court of the Region or the High Court of the State

1. Municipal government, Structure of the courts
   The following levels of Courts are under the supervision of the High Court of the Region or State:
   1. if there is no Self-Administered Areas in the Region or State:
      1. District Courts;
      2. Township Courts.
   2. if there is Self-Administered Areas in the Region or State:
      1. In the Self-Administered Division:
         1. Court of the Self-Administered Division;
         2. Township Courts.
      2. In the Self-Administered Zone:
         1. Court of the Self-Administered Zone;
         2. Township Courts.
      3. In the remaining areas:
         1. District Courts;
         2. Township Courts.
   3. In the Union Territory:
      1. District Courts;
      2. Township Courts.
   4. Other Courts constituted by law.

Part 8. Jurisdiction of the District Courts and Township Courts

1. District Courts, Courts of the Self-Administered Division, and Courts of the Self-Administered Zone, in accord with the law, have the jurisdiction relating to original criminal cases, original civil cases, appeal cases, revision cases or matters prescribed by any law.
2. Township Courts, in accord with the law, have the jurisdiction relating to original criminal cases, original civil cases or matters prescribed by any law.
3. The Judges appointed in accord with the law at the Courts formed by the Constitution or any other law shall administer all judicial affairs in the entire Union.

Part 1. Formation of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. The Constitutional Tribunal of the Union shall be formed with nine members including the Chairperson.
2. Constitutional court selection
   The President shall submit the candidature list of total nine persons, three members chosen by him, three members chosen by the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw and three members chosen by the Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw, and one member from among nine members to be assigned as the Chairperson of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union, to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for its approval.

Part 2. Functions and Duties of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. Constitutional court powers
   The functions and the duties of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union are as follows:
   1. Constitutional interpretation
      interpreting the provisions under the Constitution;
   2. Federal review of subnational legislation, Constitutionality of legislation
      vetting whether the laws promulgated by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaw, the State Hluttaw or the Self-Administered Division Leading Body and the Self-Administered Zone Leading Body are in conformity with the Constitution or not;
   3. vetting whether the measures of the executive authorities of the Union, the Regions, the States, and the Self-Administered Areas are in conformity with the Constitution or not;
   4. deciding Constitutional disputes between the Union and a Region, between the Union and a State, between a Region and a State, among the Regions, among the States, between a Region or a State and a Self-Administered Area and among the Self-Administered Areas;
   5. deciding disputes arising out of the rights and duties of the Union and a Region, a State or a Self-Administered Area in implementing the Union Law by a Region, State or Self-Administered Area;
   6. vetting and deciding matters intimated by the President relating to the Union Territory;
   7. functions and duties conferred by laws enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

Part 3. Effect of the Resolution of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. Constitutionality of legislation
   In hearing a case by a Court, if there arises a dispute whether the provisions contained in any law contradict or conform to the Constitution, and if no resolution has been made by the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union on the said dispute, the said Court shall stay the trial and submit its opinion to the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union in accord with the prescribed procedures and shall obtain a resolution. In respect of the said dispute, the resolution of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union shall be applied to all cases.
2. The resolution of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union shall be final and conclusive.

Part 4. Submission to obtain the interpretation, resolution and opinion of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. Constitutionality of legislation
   The following persons and organizations shall have the right to submit matters directly to obtain the interpretation, resolution and opinion of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union:
   1. the President;
   2. the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
   3. the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw;
   4. the Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw;
   5. the Chief Justice of the Union;
   6. the Chairperson of the Union Election Commission.
2. Constitutionality of legislation
   The following persons and organizations shall have the right to submit matters to obtain the interpretation, resolution and opinion of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union in accord with the prescribed procedures:
   1. the Chief Minister of the Region or State;
   2. the Speaker of the Region or State Hluttaw;
   3. the Chairperson of the Self-Administered Division Leading Body or the Self-Administered Zone Leading Body;
   4. Representatives numbering at least ten percent of all the representatives of the Pyithu Hluttaw or the Amyotha Hluttaw.

Part 5. Appointment of the Chairperson and members of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. Constitutional court selection
   The President shall appoint the Chairperson and members of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union approved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
2. Constitutional court selection
   The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall have no right to refuse the persons nominated for members of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union by the President unless it can clearly be proved that they are disqualified.
3. Constitutional court selection
   The President has the right to submit again, in accord with the provisions of the Constitution, the new nomination list to replace the person who has not been approved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for appointment as member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union.
4. A member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union shall:
   1. if he is a representative of any Hluttaw, be deemed to have resigned as representative of the Hluttaw commencing from the day he has been appointed as a member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union;
   2. if he is a Civil Services personnel, be deemed to have retired from the Civil Services in accord with the existing Civil Services Regulations commencing from the day he has been appointed as a member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union;
   3. if he is a member of any political party, he shall not take part in its party activities during his term, commencing from the day he has been appointed a member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union.
5. If a member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union wishes to resign on his own volition from office before the expiry of his term due to any reason, he may do so, after submitting his resignation in writing to the President.
6. If the position of a member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union is vacant for any reason, the President may appoint a new member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union in accord with the provisions under the Constitution.

Part 6. Qualifications of the Member of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. Eligibility for const court judges
   The President, the Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw and the Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall select from among the Hluttaw representatives or among those who are not Hluttaw representatives with three members each who has the following qualifications:
   1. Min age of const court judges
      person who has attained the age of 50 years;
   2. person who has qualifications, with the exception of the age limit, prescribed in Section 120 for Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
   3. person whose qualification does not breach the provisions under Section 121 which disqualify a person standing for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
   4. 1. person who has served as a Judge of the High Court of the Region or State for at least five years; or
      2. person who has served as a Judicial Officer or a Law Officer at least 10 years not lower than that of the Region or State level for; or
      3. person who has practised as an Advocate for at least 20 years; or
      4. person who is, in the opinion of the President, an eminent jurist.
   5. person who is not a member of a political party;
   6. person who is not a Hluttaw representative;
   7. person who has political, administrative, economic and security outlook;
   8. person loyal to the Union and its citizens.

Part 7. Impeachment of the Chairperson and the Members of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

Part 8. Term of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union

1. Constitutional court term length
   The term of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union is the same as that of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw being five years. However, the ongoing Constitution Tribunal of the Union, on expiry of its term, shall continue its functions till the President forms a new Tribunal under the Constitution.
2. The formation and communication of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union, duties, powers and rights of the Chairperson and members of the Tribunal shall be prescribed by law.

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